From pollution to construction: design and evaluation of hybrid building bricks from plastic and ceramic waste (a comprehensive scientific review)

Abstract

This research offers an investigative assessment of plastic bricks viewed as a green building solution, emphasizing combined materials that consist of repurposed plastics combined with ceramics. The project seeks to resolve the linked problems of plastic waste and the ecological burden from standard construction methods . Plastic bricks successfully incorporate efficient waste handling with the making of environmentally friendly building materials. A variety of production approaches, including mechanical, chemical, and thermal processes, are examined to demonstrate their capacity to produce long-lasting items that possess outstanding mechanical and thermal qualities . The data indicates that plastic bricks enhanced with ceramic achieve a compression strength of 10–25 MPa along with a thermal conductivity value of 0.18–0.28 W/mK. These materials also exhibit greater resistance to water and chemicals, showing water absorption rates of less than 0.5% compared to the 10–20% seen in regular bricks. The research identifies energy savings of 65-75% and a decrease of 2.5-3.5 kg in CO2 emissions for each brick produced . By repurposing significant quantities of plastic waste and keeping it out of waste disposal sites, this method increases the lifespan of these sites by 25-30%. Nevertheless, problems continue to exist concerning how long the materials last, their ability to withstand fire, and the applicable regulatory standards. The research closes with key advice for further advancements and uptake in line with the objectives of a circular economy .